'Communicable Diseases\r'

' hereditary illness * Keep in mind completely take fever, swollen LN, rash etc. sanguine Fever: * Cause: Group A genus Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus * Spread via direct wrap up/droplet * May lead to RF * Uvula/pharynx strapping red; tonsils have white exudate, pinpoint lesions on palate * Sandpaper rash * Pastina Sign: hyperpigmentation at joints * TONGUE (white furry white strawberry mark strawberry ) * So throat culture if they have strept/ naked throat *** Anybody with a sore throat that comes drink down to school nurse- do not send them bandaging to class, have them sent for throat culture *** chickenpox: Infectious before rash and until vesicles crust * electric razor stomacht go back to school until vesicles atomic number 18 crusted* Strict isolation (from A. those who haven’t had vari cellular telephonea vaccine B. < 12months of age) * ACUTE figure: maculopapular rash turns to vesicle with erythematous base oozes and crusts * fretful scratch spread /2nd infection * @ luck for Reye’s Syndrome * Itchiness †give Benadryl * cake vaccinate Rubeola: (measles) * Koplik spots ( white describe in red in mouth) * May have photophobia †wear sunglasses * stripe: MMR rubella: * Fever is not marked Birth defects if arrest exposed in first trimester * **Tylenol for (fever, pain, H/A) * ISOLATE FROM PREGNANT WOMEN Roseola Infantum: * HHV6 * Rash appears aft(prenominal) a DECLINE in fever * At risk for febrile seizures-manage temperature Erythema Enfectiosum: †ISOLATE FROM PREGNANT muliebrity EVEN IF OWN CHILD HAS IT. CAN non BE AROUND MOM -â€Å"5th Disease” †spread via droplet, no specific TX -Stage I †â€Å" hell dust cheek” 1-120days may last; Stage III- getting even of rash (with exercise temperature change etc) Impetigo:* Group A beta hemolytic STREPT, STAPH AUREUS * Insect collation Contact isolation as long as vesicle present * Lesion begin as sweeten color serum then yellow to dark-brown crusts * Complication: postreptococcal glomerulonephritis (decrease urine, change color) * Culture vesicle * Children should detain home from school and daycare fo 48 hours until on antibiotics or lesions r dry * PREVENTION: handwashing, chela should not touch lesion, cod’t share towel etc Pediculosis: * Preschooler at change magnitude risk * All socioeconomic classes * Pedicclosis vs. Dandruff (* can brush dandruff out; ped. Stays in blur when brushing) * Nit ( egg) louse (insect) DO NO JUMP resile HEAD TO HEAD, spread via direct contact * affair hair, magnify to Dx * Shampoo, disinfect sheets with HOT water, teach not to exchange combs, headgear Scabies: * Happen to anyone* turn over †leaves debris under skin * Cleanliness is NOT protective cover * Scabacide Q12h- apply everywhere besides genitalia and calculate Parastic Infections * Roundworm (GI); Hookworm (human feces); Pinworm (cecum) * pinwormS: cause uttermost(prenominal) itching- child does n’t wash hands- touches door party boss etc. * PINWORMS: may be dosplayed as minimal mentality dysfunction problem; so itchy PINWORM: Dx by anal scotch tape=lay ballock in anal tissue, examined then by microscope * PINWORM: Vermox; Tx all household members Fungal: roundworm Cruris: champion itch Tinea Pedis: athlete foot Tinea Capitus: ringworm Tinea Corporis: skin ( to tx these use po griseofulvin or OTC fungal cream) pinkeye: -inclusion (newborn), allergic (in response to allergn), gonorrheal (infant passing thru birth canal), bacterial (self limiting, HIGHLY contagious), or via foreign obj (metal) †TX Edema: iciness compress; Tx crust: nimble compress; don’t want to lay there with warm compress b/c bacterial growth, child don’t rub eyesImmunologic Dysfunction (ANEMIA) * * relative incidence: most common hematologic D/O child * *Etiology: decrease reticulocyte count and Hgb * effects amount of Hgb available to carry O2 * activity bigotry: pallor , no energy, fatigue **Takes a while for H&H to decrease so this wouldn’t be first s/s * anemia develops slowly * will have increased HR and cardiac output to compensate * foregather care, frequent rest periods, safety (SICKLE CELL ANEMIA) * high-risk Hgb molecule that changes red blood cell shape to sickle cell * PAIN extremeeeeee CRISIS: Sickle cells destroyed by lien †tangle- hypoxia †tissue eschemia †necrosis * Most common in African American * Decreased life frustrate * Each person has different thing that causes crisis ( weather, temperature, elevation) * S/s develop after 6months because up to 6month foetal Hgb is in use * Crisis Long Term Complications: Heart, lung, kidney brain changes; blood becomes thicker each time * CVA # 1 cause death (complication) b/c intellectual occlusion * 4 crisis: 1.Vaso-occlusive = tangled cells; 2. Aplastic =decreased dress up marrow, infection; 3. Acute Sequestration Crisis= massive entrapment of RBC in sp leen, hypovolemic shock; 4. Hemolytic = jazz group glucose 6 and sickle cell * No labs are definitive * No cure…treat s/s * Pain control keep render keep away from things that cause crisis * Dx: peripheral bemire * Assess all body parts * Moniter I&O, weigh pt\r\n'